Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Sulfated and Glucuronidated Conjugates of 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) Propionic Acid Can Promote NO Production by Elevated Ca 2+ Release from the Endoplasmic Reticulum in HUVECs

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c09008

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of HMPA, HMPA-S, and HMPA-GlcA on NO production in HUVECs. (A) Chemical structures of HMPA, HMPA-S, and HMPA-GlcA. (B) Concentration dependency experiment in 1 h-treated HUVECs: 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM HMPA, HMPA-S, and HMPA-GlcA. (C) Incubation-time dependency experiment in HUVECs treated with 1 μM HMPA, HMPA-S, and HMPA-GlcA: 1, 2, and 4 h of incubation time. NO production in HUVECs was assayed by an NO assay-FX kit. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 4 or 6). Significant differences between groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s t -test (B) or Student’s t -test (C) at * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, vs. control.

Article Snippet: After 24 h of incubation, uptake experiments were performed using an incubation medium (phenol red-free EBM-2) (CC-3129, Lonza Co.).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Incubation, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Sulfated and Glucuronidated Conjugates of 3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) Propionic Acid Can Promote NO Production by Elevated Ca 2+ Release from the Endoplasmic Reticulum in HUVECs

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c09008

Figure Lengend Snippet: Change in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in HUVECs treated with 1 μM (A) HMPA, (B) HMPA-S, and (C) HMPA-GlcA by Fluo-4 fluorescence assay. HUVECs were loaded with Fluo-4-AM buffer and incubated for 1 h. After measuring a baseline fluorescence of Fluo-4-AM-loaded HUVECs for 30 s, each HMPA was added, and the fluorescence intensity was monitored at 485 nm/525 nm. (D) Relative Δ fluorescence of HMPAs against that of control, in the presence or absence of 30 μM 2-APB for 30 min before Fluo-4-AM loading were evaluated. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 6 or 8). Statistical differences between groups in the absence of 2-APB were evaluated using Tukey-Kramer’s t -test, ** p < 0.01 vs control. Statistical analysis between two groups in the presence or absence of 2-APB was performed by Student’s t -test, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: After 24 h of incubation, uptake experiments were performed using an incubation medium (phenol red-free EBM-2) (CC-3129, Lonza Co.).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Fluorescence, Incubation, Control